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Location: The Gila monster occurs
from Utah to n.Sinaloa, the Beaded lizard occurs from Guatemala
to s.Sonora. The two species overlap in southern Sonora.
There are only two species of venomous lizard
in the world, the Gila monster and the Beaded lizard. The former
exists as two subspecies in southwestern USA and northwestern Mexico
south to northern Sinaloa State, the latter occurs as four subspecies
from Guatemala, north through western Mexico to southern Sonora
State. There is a small overlap zone in southern Sonora where both
species occur and Mark plans to try to find both species as close
together as possible. This task is made more difficult by the fact
that Gila monsters are basically desert fringe lizards while beaded
lizards inhabit deciduous woodlands, different habitats in other
words. They also spend a large proportion of their lives underground
so the chances of finding them out and about are slim. Brent Martin
has considerable experience with Sonoran reptiles so his assistance
will be essential if Mark is to succeed. In Sonora Mark discovers
one of the richest herpetofaunas of his life.
[Marks first visits the famous Arizona-Sonora
Desert Museum to acquaint himself with his quarry, goes into the
Arizona desert to find rattlesnakes and tortoises and also spends
some time with the police and other authorities trying to protect
Arizona Gila monsters from being poached and stolen, or killed in
gardens. None of the Arizona section made the final film.]

A close view of a Rio Fuerte beaded
lizard (Heloderma horridum exasperatum), note longer head and more
subdued patterning.
| BUFONIDAE |
TRUE TOADS |
| Bufo alvarius |
Colorado River toad |
| Bufo mazatlanensis |
Sonoran toad |
| Bufo punctatus |
Red spotted toad |
| HYLIDAE |
TREEFROGS |
| Smilisca baudini |
Common Mexican treefrog |
| LEPTODACTYLIDAE |
SOUTHERN FROGS |
| Eleutherodactylus augusti cactorum
|
Western barking frog |
| RANIDAE |
TRUE FROGS |
| Rana magnaocularis |
Northwest Mexico leopard frog |
| EMYDIDAE |
POND TERRAPINS & BOX TURTLES |
| Terrapene nelsoni klauberi |
Sonoran box turtle |
| KINOSTERNIDAE |
MUD & MUSK TURTLES |
| Kinosternon integrum |
Mexican mud turtle |
| Kinosternon alamosae |
Alamos mud turtle |
| TESTUDINIDAE |
TORTOISES |
| Gopherus agassizii |
Desert tortoise |
| GEKKONIDAE |
GECKOES |
| Hemidactylus turcicus |
Turkish house gecko |
| HELODERMIDAE |
VENOMOUS LIZARDS |
| Heloderma horridum exasperatum |
Rio Fuerte beaded lizard |
| Heloderma suspectum suspectum |
Reticulated Gila monster |
| IGUANIDAE |
IGUANAS |
| Ctenosaura hemilopha macrolopha |
Mainland spiny iguana |
| PHRYNOSOMATIDAE |
SWIFTS & SPINY LIZARDS |
| Callisaurus draconoides draconoides
|
Common zebra-tailed lizard |
| Callisaurus draconoides brevipes |
Short-footed zebra-tailed lizard |
| Cophosaurus texanum scitulus |
Southwestern earless lizard |
| Holbrookia maculata |
Lesser earless lizard |
| Phrynosoma solare |
Regal horned lizard |
| Sceloporus clarki |
Clark's spiny lizard |
| Sceloporus magister magister |
Sonoran spiny lizard |
| Sceloporus nelsoni |
Nelson's spiny lizard |
| Uta stansburiana |
Side-blotched lizard |
| Urosaurus ornatus |
Tree lizard |
| POLYCROTIDAE |
ANOLES |
| Anolis nebulosus |
Clouded anole |
| TEIIDAE |
MACROTEIIDS |
| Cnemidophorus costatus griseocephalus
|
Grey-headed whiptail lizard |
| Cnemidophorus sonorae |
Sonoran spotted whiptail lizard |
| Cnemidophorus tigris gracilis |
Arizona desert whiptail |
| BOIDAE |
BOAS |
| Boa constrictor imperator |
Imperial boa |
| COLUBRIDAE |
TYPICAL SNAKES |
| Drymarchon corais rubidus |
Red tailed cribo |
| Drymobius margaritiferus fistulosus
|
Western speckled racer |
| Hypsiglena torquata ochrorhyncha |
Sonoran night snake |
| Gyalopion quadangulare |
Desert hooknose snake |
| Leptophis diplotropis diplotropis
|
Pacific coast parrot snake |
| Masticophis bilineatus bilineatus
|
Sonoran whipsnake |
| Masticophis flagellum cingulum |
Sonoran coachwhip |
| Phyllorhynchus browni fortitus |
Sonoran leaf-nosed snake |
| Pituophis melanoleucus affinis |
Sonoran gopher snake |
| Rhinocheilus lecontei antonii |
Mexican long-nosed snake |
| Sympholis lippens rectilimbus |
Mexican short-tailed snake |
| Trimorphodon tau tau |
Mexican lyre snake |
| VIPERIDAE |
VIPERS & PITVIPERS |
| Crotalus atrox |
Western diamondback rattlesnake |
| Crotalus basiliscus |
Mexican west coast rattlesnake |
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Location: Alamos and Navojoa in the southern Sonoran Sierra Madre
Occidental is the center of the species overlap zone.

Mark O'Shea and Arizona herpetologist Brent Martin plan their trip
down to Sonora, Mexico.
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Lush deciduous forest and rocky creek beds near Alamos, Sonora,
Mexico, typical Beaded lizard habitat.

A defensive Reticulated Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum suspectum),
note venom gland swellings in lower jaws.
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